Should I see a psychologist or a counsellor?

It’s not always easy to know who to turn to when your mental health feels off balance. With more people recognising the value of professional support, the question of whether to speak with a psychologist or a counsellor often comes up.

These professionals play different roles in Australia’s mental health system, and knowing what each offers can help you make a confident and informed decision.

This article will walk you through the key differences between these two roles, explain how therapy works in the Australian system, and help you choose a helpful path forward.

What’s the difference between a psychologist and a counsellor?

The table below summarises the differences between a psychologist vs counsellor:

Note that different professionals also have different individual experiences and therapy styles. At the end of the day, what’s most important is that you get support from someone who has knowledge and skills in handling your concerns, and whom you feel safe and comfortable with.

Qualifications and regulations

Psychologists in Australia hold a psychology degree plus further postgraduate training. They’re registered with the Psychology Board of Australia and must meet rigorous standards for ethics and professional development. Psychologists are qualified to assess and diagnose mental health conditions and to provide structured, evidence-based treatments.

In addition, some psychologists further specialise in specific areas of expertise, which is why there are general and clinical psychologists, as well as other specialised titles. 

Counsellors come from diverse educational backgrounds. While the title isn't regulated by law, many belong to professional bodies like PACFA or the ACA. These organisations set clear standards for training and ethical practice. Counsellors often focus on supporting people through life challenges, emotional struggles, and personal growth using talk therapy.

Scope of practice

Psychologists often use therapies such as CBT, DBT, and CPT to treat diagnosable mental health conditions. They often work closely with GPs, psychiatrists, or other health professionals when treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach.

Counsellors typically help clients explore emotional experiences, relationship difficulties, grief, stress, or transitions. Their work is more about support and reflection than clinical diagnosis, and many use approaches like narrative therapy or techniques focused on rewiring thought patterns.

So, how do I choose the right support?

Consider the following questions to guide your decision:

Why are you seeking support?

If you’re dealing with emotional stress, grief, or relationship issues, a counsellor may be a good fit. For more complex or ongoing mental health conditions like anxiety, trauma, or depression, a psychologist is likely the better choice.

Do you need a formal diagnosis?

Choose a psychologist if you suspect a mental health disorder and want a formal assessment or diagnosis.

What’s your budget or level of access?

If cost is a concern, a psychologist referred by a GP may be eligible for Medicare rebates. If you have private health insurance or access to an Employee Assistance Program or EAP, either option could be affordable depending on your coverage.

How do you want to access therapy?

Both professionals offer in-person and online counselling or psychology sessions, so go with whichever suits your lifestyle and comfort level.

What to know about therapy access and costs in Australia?

Getting support doesn’t have to break the bank. In Australia, there are several pathways to affordable therapy, whether through Medicare rebates, private health insurance, an Employee Assistance Program, or flexible online options. 

Medicare rebates through a GP

With a Mental Health Treatment Plan from a GP, you can access up to 10 individual and 10 group sessions per year with a psychologist under the Better Access initiative. Note that some psychologists bulk bill, while others charge a gap fee.

Private health insurance

Many Australians use private health insurance to cover part of the cost of counselling or psychology sessions. Coverage depends on your insurer and your extras policy, so it’s best to check what’s included.

Employee Assistance Program (EAP)

If you’re employed, check whether your workplace offers an EAP. These programs often provide several free sessions with a qualified counsellor or psychologist and are a good way to start therapy if you’re unsure.

The value of the right therapeutic relationship

One of the most important factors in successful therapy is the connection you have with your therapist. Whether you see a psychologist or a counsellor, feeling comfortable, respected, and safe makes a real difference to your experience.

Remember that you’re not locked into your first choice. It’s okay to try a few therapists before you find someone who feels like a good fit. Talked allows you to book free introductory sessions so you can explore options and find someone who understands what you're going through.

Finding the right mental health professional is more accessible than ever. And you can start from the comfort of your home with the help of online psychologists, counsellors, or our bulk-billed GP here on Talked.